El Salvador has taken a significant step towards modernizing its energy matrix by approving the creation of the Organization for the Implementation of the Nuclear Energy Program (OIPEN).
This new legislation aims not only to reduce dependency on oil and promote more sustainable energy sources, but also to repeal an old 1961 law, marking the beginning of a new era in energy generation in the country.
Creation of OIPEN
On July 2, 2024, the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador approved the creation of the Organization for the Implementation of the Nuclear Energy Program (OIPEN) with 54 votes.
This new entity will be a subsidiary of the Lempa River Hydroelectric Executive Commission (CEL) and is tasked with conducting studies for the installation of nuclear plants in the country. The initiative aims to reduce dependency on oil and promote more sustainable energy sources.
CEL President, Daniel Álvarez, explained to the deputies that “in El Salvador, we already have a history of using such materials, and now we are looking for alternatives to generate electrical energy.”
According to Álvarez, the creation of OIPEN is crucial to follow the guidelines of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), which has recommended this initiative.
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Improvement of the Energy Matrix and Enhanced Energy Independence
Currently, El Salvador generates twice the electrical energy it consumes, being able to sell energy to other countries in the region.
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However, during the summer season, the region experienced water shortages that led to energy shortages in some countries, not to mention that in the first half of 2024, the risk of blackouts and energy rationing was considered in several countries due to the vast dependency on hydroelectric power.
This situation has highlighted the importance of diversifying energy sources in El Salvador to ensure a stable and sustainable long-term supply.
Against this backdrop, the new legislation and the creation of OIPEN represent a strategic step to strengthen El Salvador’s energy independence. According to Daniel Álvarez, “By 2050, an increase in electricity consumption is expected in the country, and it is considered that nuclear energy could represent 26% of the country’s energy matrix.”
Faculties and Attributions of OIPEN
OIPEN will have various responsibilities and attributions according to the new legislation. As per the approved decree, the organization must:
a) “Formulate, direct, and execute national plans and policies for the introduction of nuclear energy as a source of electrical or thermal energy generation.”
b) “Conduct and develop the necessary studies for the installation of nuclear plants in El Salvador, whether for electrical energy generation, industrial processes, and the use of its by-products for medical or agricultural purposes, among others.”
c) “Promote specialized training of technical personnel who will participate in activities involving nuclear energy and its peaceful uses in accordance with applicable regulations.”
d) “Enter into contracts, agreements, and any other legal instruments necessary or convenient for the fulfillment of its functions.”
e) “Accept donations and cooperation from Public Law corporations, natural or legal persons, international organizations, entities of Private Law; and for this purpose, it may enter into all types of instruments to obtain the goods or services required for the purposes entrusted by this law.”
Thorium, the Element to Be Used
Thorium is a naturally occurring radioactive element that is considered to be a safer and more abundant alternative to uranium for use in nuclear reactors. It has several advantages over uranium, including greater availability, lower production of nuclear waste, and enhanced safety features.
One of the key benefits is that thorium-based reactors produce significantly less plutonium, reducing the risk associated with nuclear proliferation.
A Future with High Expectations
With this new legislation, El Salvador positions itself at the forefront of energy diversification in Central America. Deputy William Soriano from Nuevas Ideas highlighted the importance of this initiative for the country’s energy future.
“El Salvador has the right to explore energy sources, and with this, we are thinking about the energy supply that will be guaranteed to new generations by 2050,” affirmed the deputy.
According to the conducted analyses, nuclear energy is expected to constitute up to 26% of its energy matrix by 2050, helping to cover the growing electricity demand in the country and promoting more stable and competitive prices.
This innovative approach not only ensures the energy supply for future generations but also strengthens El Salvador’s energy independence and sovereignty. And why not continue selling the excess electrical energy to other countries in the region?
External Resources
- https://www.nrg.eu/en/research-development/nuclear-energy-research/nuclear-energy-the-future
